For ut=Δu+f(u) with u(0)=u0∈C(Rn) bounded, f Lipschitz.
Step 1: Reformulate as integral equation via Duhamel's principle:
u(t)=etΔu0+∫0te(t−s)Δf(u(s))ds
where etΔ is the heat semigroup.
Step 2: Define solution space XT=C([0,T];L∞) with norm ∥u∥T=supt∈[0,T]∥u(t)∥L∞.
Define operator Φ:XT→XT by:
Φ[u](t)=etΔu0+∫0te(t−s)Δf(u(s))ds
Step 3: Show Φ maps into XT. Since ∥etΔv∥L∞≤∥v∥L∞ and ∣f(u)∣≤C(1+∣u∣):
∥Φ[u](t)∥L∞≤∥u0∥L∞+CTsups∥u(s)∥L∞≤M
for T small enough.
Step 4: Show Φ is contraction. For u,v∈XT:
Φ[u]−Φ[v]=∫0te(t−s)Δ(f(u(s))−f(v(s)))ds
Using Lipschitz property ∣f(u)−f(v)∣≤L∣u−v∣:
∥Φ[u]−Φ[v]∥T≤LT∥u−v∥T
For T<1/L, Φ is a contraction.
Step 5: Banach fixed point theorem gives unique fixed point u=Φ[u] in XT, which is the desired solution.
Regularity: Parabolic smoothing ensures u∈C∞((0,T)×Rn) for t>0.